2226-5988 2686-6749 Клиническая и экспериментальная морфология Clinical and Experimental Morphology ООО "Группа МДВ" 10.31088/cem2026.15.4.5-12 http://cem-journal.ru/index.php/cem/article/view/399/495 Эластический и мышечный компонент средней оболочки артерий человека Elastic and muscular organization of the tunica media in human arteries Иванова Вера Владимировна Иванова Вера Владимировна Ivanova V.V. ivvera92@rambler.ru 0000-0002-2530-1112 Серебрякова Ольга Николаевна Серебрякова Ольга Николаевна Serebryakova O.N. 0000-0002-2924-0724 Долбня Андрей Дмитриевич Долбня Андрей Дмитриевич Dolbnya A.D. 0009-0007-5310-6318 Плешко Раиса Ивановна Плешко Раиса Ивановна Pleshko R.I. 0000-0002-6476-9826 Алябьев Федор Валерьевич Алябьев Федор Валерьевич Alyabyev F.V. 0000-0003-4438-1717 Мильто Иван Васильевич Мильто Иван Васильевич Milto I.V. 0000-0002-9764-4392 ФГБОУ ВО Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России (Томск, Россия) Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia (Tomsk, Russia) ФГБОУ ВО Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого Минздрава России (Красноярск, Россия) V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia (Krasnoyarsk, Russia) ФГБОУ ВО Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; ФГБУН Северский биофизический научный центр ФМБА России (Томск, Россия; Северск, Россия) Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; Seversk Biophysical Research Center, Seversk, Russia (Tomsk, Russia; Seversk, Russia) 31 08 2026 2026 14 4 5 12 11 03 2026 14 05 2026 14 04 2026 2026 Ivanova V.V., Serebryakova O.N., Dolbnya A.D., Pleshko R.I., Alyabyev F.V., Milto I.V. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) http://cem-journal.ru/index.php/cem/article/view/399/495

Согласно классическому представлению, крупные артерии вблизи сердца относятся к эластическому типу, а околоорганные и внутриорганные к мышечному. Исследование продольных срезов артерий свидетельствует о плавном переходе сосудов эластического типа в мышечный по мере удаления от сердца. Вместе с тем сведения о том, на каком уровне происходит изменение строения средней оболочки артерий человека, немногочисленны и часто противоречивы. Отдельной проблемой морфологии является критерий отнесения артерии к смешанному типу. В обзоре суммированы морфологические данные об изменении строения средней оболочки артерий человека большого и малого кругов кровообращения.

According to the classical classification, the large arteries located close to the heart are considered elastic, whereas the arteries surrounding and residing within the organs are categorized as muscular. The analysis of longitudinal arterial sections demonstrates a gradual transition from elastic to muscular vessels as the distance from the heart increases. Nonetheless, the available evidence regarding the locations at which structural changes in the human arterial media occur is limited and, in some cases, contradictory. Additionally, the morphological criteria for identifying and classifying hybrid arteries have not yet been established. This review summarizes current morphological findings on the structural changes in the human arterial media throughout the systemic and pulmonary circulation. Keywords: arteries, tunica media, histology, elastin, smooth muscle cells

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